![]() ![]() ![]() While King and Hayden had been classical stratigraphers, Powell and his staff were more interested in geomorphology, that is, the historical processes that had created the major topographical features of the region. His brand of earth science was quite different from that of his predecessors. During the 1870s Powell established his own survey in the Colorado River basin. Rock following the terminology established by James Dwight Dana in his influential Manual of Geology (1863). Insofar as geology was concerned, the results of both the King and Hayden surveys were stratigraphic, mapping layers of Hayden established the tradition of attaching paleontologists to geological surveys, his best ones being Edward Drinker Cope, well known for his studies of dinosaurs, and the great paleobotanist Leo Lesquereux. Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories. Hayden, who joined the Interior Department in 1867, organized a survey of the western territories, pushed for the establishment of Yellowstone Park (which was authorized in 1872), and became first director of what was then called the U.S. His books The Mining Industry (1870) and Systematic Geology (1878) were products of this survey. Army Corps of Engineers, King ’s survey of the Fortieth Parallel (the “ Great Basin ” between the middle Rockies and the Sierra Nevada) in 1867 was mainly utilitarian in its objectives: King had justified the survey by claiming it would stimulate the discovery of mineral deposits. Hayden (1829-1887), and John Wesley Powell (1834-1902) explored and mapped the West. From 1867 practically to the end of the nineteenth century a series of geological surveys led by Clarence King (1842-1901), Ferdinand V. ![]() Exploration of the West: The Geological Surveys ![]()
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